AS ISO 4993 pdf download

AS ISO 4993 pdf download.Steel and iron castings — Radiographic testing
1  Scope
This International Standard specifies the general requirements for the radiography of steel and iron castings by means of X-rays or gamma-rays, in accordance with procedures given in ISO 5579 and ISO 19232.
2  Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5579, Non-destructive testing — Radiographic testing of metallic materials using film and X- or gamma rays — Basic rules ISO 19232-1, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 1: Determination of the image quality value using wire-type image quality indicators ISO 19232-2, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 2: Determination of the image quality value using step/hole-type image quality indicators ISO 19232-3, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 3: Image quality classes ISO 19232-4, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 4: Experimental evaluation of image quality values and image quality tables ISO 19232-5, Non-destructive testing — Image quality of radiographs — Part 5: Determination of the image unsharpness value using duplex wire-type image quality indicators ASTM E186, Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 1/2 in. [50.8 to 114 mm]) Steel Castings ASTM E192, Standard Reference Radiographs for Investment Steel Castings for Aerospace Applications ASTM E280, Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 1/2 to 12 in. [114 to 305 mm]) Steel Castings ASTM E446, Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness ASTM E689, Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings ASTM E802, Standard Reference Radiographs for Gray Iron Castings up to 4 1/2 in. (114 mm) in Thickness
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5579 apply.
4  Basis of purchase
The request for radiographic testing and all pertinent information relating thereto, such as sensitivity, coverage, and acceptance criteria, shall be indicated in the enquiry and order. Unless otherwise specified in the enquiry and order, the radiographic coverage may be of two types, i.e. pilot or regular production inspection. For both types, the manufacturing plan shall show the area to be examined and the frequency of testing and shall be subject to agreement between the supplier and purchaser. If requirements are imposed for which there is not an accepted International Standard or other standard available, a detailed specification of such requirements shall be provided. Castings with a complex geometry might include areas which cannot be radiographically inspected or can only be partly inspected. Such areas shall be identified before starting the radiographic examination. Areas which cannot be radiographically inspected shall be noted by all contracting parties and be marked on the film position plan.
5  General
5.1  Protection against ionizing radiation Local, national, or international safety precautions shall be applied when using ionizing radiation. WARNING — Exposure of any part of the human body to X-rays or gamma-rays can be highly harmful to health. 5.2  General requirements This International Standard shall be used in combination with ISO 5579.
6  Testing parameters
Unless otherwise requested in the enquiry and order, the radiographic testing may be performed at any point in the manufacturing cycle, before or after the final heat-treatment. The surface shall be conditioned, if necessary, so that surface irregularities cannot mask or be confused with discontinuities. Any type of penetrameter or image quality indicator may be used, provided that the sensitivity level indicated by the purchaser is achieved. The following items shall be agreed upon between contracting parties: a) manufacturing stage; b) extent of examination; c) examination areas; d) surface condition; e) test class according to ISO 5579 (it is recommended that the examination be performed in accordance with ISO 5579); f) information about the film position plan; g) marking of examination areas on the casting; h) image quality value, in accordance with ISO 19232; i) marking of the films; j) acceptance criteria. Any additional items shall be agreed upon between the contracting parties. Radiographs shall be evaluated by comparison to reference radiographs.